Such devices have come a long way since the introduction of the first generation of laparoscopic video imaging systems in 1986. So, what are the main components of the laparoscopic system? 1. Image processing system (laparoscopic lens, camera, light source, display); 2. Insufflation machine; 3. Laparoscopic surgical instruments.

So today let’s talk about Laparoscopy

Most of the commonly used rigid laparoscopes are basically manufactured using the Hopkins cylindrical lens system invented in 1952. This type of lenticular lens system is mounted inside the scope to focus and transmit the image inside the laparoscope to the camera. Modern endoscopic systems still use this system, in addition to compensating lenses to correct distortions at the edges of the image.

The optical fiber that conducts the cold light source is located on the outer periphery of the mirror body, and it guides the light into the abdominal cavity. A charge-coupled image sensor (CCD) can now also be mounted directly on the front end of the laparoscopic lens, a design that eliminates the need for a cylindrical lens system on the lens body.

At present, there are many products of different diameters and viewing angles of laparoscopes commonly used in clinical practice.

In terms of viewing angle, the 0° mirror is more intuitive than the 30° mirror. Even so, I personally believe that when performing colorectal surgery, especially rectal surgery, the surgical team should learn to master the 30° scope, the main reason being that the 30° scope is more advantageous for the observation of deep lacunar anatomy.

Some doctors are now using 3D laparoscopy and are keen to use the system as 3D laparoscopy can provide different images for the surgeon’s eyes, it can help the doctor to produce a stereoscopic image effect. The team of surgeons was able to see three-dimensional images on the monitor with the help of special glasses.

In the experimental research and practical application of 3D laparoscopy, it is not difficult to find that: 3D laparoscopy can indeed improve the accuracy of surgical movements, however, 3D laparoscopy still has shortcomings such as defects in the observation field and angle display. Hopefully 3D laparoscopy can make innovations and breakthroughs in these aspects.

—This article is excerpted from a brief introduction to laparoscopy, written by Sun Feng.